Outside Anglophone countries, English-medium universities may have a preparatory school where students can spend a year or two working on their English and academic skills before starting degree courses. In the US, this can mean helping students attain a score of 80 or greater on the TOEFL ( Test of English as a Foreign Language) or more than 4 on the ITEP (International Test of English Proficiency). In the United Kingdom, this often means endeavoring to help students get a score of 6 or above in the IELTS ( International Test of English Proficiency) examination. In the former case, sometimes EAP courses may be intended to raise students' general English levels so that they can enter university. Programs may be divided into pre-sessional courses and courses taken alongside students' other subjects.
Programs may also include a more narrow focus on the more specific linguistic demands of a particular area of study, for example business subjects. An EAP program focuses instruction on skills required to perform in an English-speaking academic context across core subject areas generally encountered in a university setting.
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